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Jonathan L. Gifford

Jonathan L. Gifford

Associate Dean for Research; Director, Transportation Policy, Operations and Logistics, Masters Program

Main: 703-993-2275
Fax: 801-749-9198

3401 Fairfax Drive – MS 3B1
Arlington, Virginia 22201


Jonathan L. Gifford is a professor in the School of Public Policy at George Mason University, and the director of the Master’s in Transportation Policy, Operations and Logistics program.

Professor Gifford’s primary area of expertise is transportation and public policy, with a particular focus on transportation and land use. His recent research investigates transportation finance and the role of public private partnerships, and behavioral considerations in transportation planning.

His book Flexible Urban Transportation (Pergamon 2003) examines policies to improve the flexibility of urban transportation systems. He has also studied the role of standards in the development and adoption of technology, particularly technological cooperation across jurisdictional boundaries through coalitions and consortia. A case in point is the E-ZPass highway toll tag, now adopted by millions of households in the U.S. Mandatory standards setting processes, which are more common in Europe and Asia, have met with less successful adoption and serious implementation problems.

He has twice chaired committees of the National Academy of Sciences that reviewed the U.S. Department of Transportation standards program for intelligent transportation systems (2002-2003 and 2006-2007).

Dr. Gifford directs and teaches in the School of Public Policy’s Master’s in Transportation Policy, Operations and Logistics program, established in 2000. This unique program accepts students from a wide variety of educational disciplines and professional backgrounds, and provides them with a solid knowledge of the theory, policy, law, research and practices required for effectively and efficiently supplying and managing modern transportation facilities and services. He has also taught a course on the Interstate highway system as a socio-technical system as part of the university’s Honors in General Education, which examines the history and development of the Interstate highway system, and the role it has played in the development of modern America.

He is active professionally in the Transportation Research Board (chairman of the Committee on Transportation and Land Development, and co-chairman of the Transportation History Committee).

He received a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University, and an M.S. and Ph.D. (1983) in Civil Engineering (Transportation) at the University of California, Berkeley, with doctoral minors in economics, and urban and regional planning. His dissertation examined the history and development of the Interstate highway system from its origins in the 1930s through its design and deployment in the 1960s and beyond.



Areas of Research
  • Infrastructure Policy and Planning
  • Technology Standards and Public Policy
  • Transportation and Regional Development Policy
  • Transportation Finance and Privatization
  • Transportation Policy and Planning
  • Urban and Metropolitan Planning and Land Use

Education
Ph.D., Civil Engineering (Transportation), University of California, Berkeley (1983). Minors: Economics, City Planning. Thesis: “An Analysis of the Federal Role in the Planning, Design and Deployment of Rural Roads, Toll Roads and Urban Freeways.” Advisor: William L. Garrison

MS, Civil Engineering (Transportation), University of California, Berkeley

BS, Civil Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University

Positions Held
2008 –. Associate Dean for Research, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

2007 –. Director, Master’s in Transportation Policy, Operations & Logistics, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

2007. Acting Associate Dean for Research, School of Public Policy, George Mason University (spring).

2005 – 2006. Visiting Fellow, Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences.

2004 –. Professor, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

2002 – 2006. Director, Master’s in Transportation Policy, Operations & Logistics, School of Public Policy, George Mason University (on leave, fall 2005-spring 2006).

2001 –2004. Associate Professor, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

2000 – 02. Director, Master of Science in Professional Studies in Transportation Policy, Operations & Logistics, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

1998 –. Faculty, Honors in General Education, George Mason University.

1997. Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

1994 – 2001. Associate Professor, Department of Public & International Affairs, George Mason University.

1993 –. Faculty, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences & Public Policy Program, George Mason University.

1991 – 2001. Senior Research Fellow, School of Public Policy, George Mason University.

1988 – 94. Assistant Professor, Department of Public & International Affairs, George Mason University.

1983 – 88. Assistant Professor, Heinz School, Carnegie Mellon University (visiting, 1983 – 84).

1982. Intern, Congressional Budget Office, U.S. Congress.

1981 – 82. Intern, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress.

1981. Intern, Office of Management and Budget, U.S. Executive Office of the President.

1977 – 81. Research Assistant, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley.

1976 – 77. Junior Engineer (design), Kaiser Engineers, Inc., Oakland, California.

1975. Scuba diver and manager, AKD-Deep Six, Inc., Tripoli, Libya.

Books and Edited Volumes
2003. Jonathan L. Gifford, Flexible Urban Transportation (Oxford: Elsevier).

1993. Jonathan L. Gifford, Don R. Uzarski and Sue McNeil, ed. Infrastruc­ture Planning and Management. Proceed­ings. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers.

Book Chapters
2008. "Transportation." In Blackwell Companion to the Philosophy of Technology, edited by Jan-Kyrre Berg Olsen, Stig Andur Pedersen and Vincent F. Hendricks. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, accepted for publication.

2007. “Options and Infrastructure System Development.” In The Management and Measurement of Infrastructure: Performance, Efficiency and Innovation, ed. Charlie Karlsson et al., pp. 165-76. Cheltenham, UK; Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar.

2007. “U.S. and European Responses to Uncertainty about Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Comparative Analysis.” In Institutions and Sustainable Transport: Regulatory Reform in Advanced Economies, ed. Piet Rietveld and Roger Stough, 96-108 (Cheltenham, U.K. & Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar). With Vincent Marchau.

2005. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” In Access to Destinations, edited by David M. Levinson and Kevin J. Krizek, 39-61. New York: Elsevier, 2005.

2005. “A Research Agenda for Institutions, Regulations and Markets in Transportation and Infrastructure.” In Institutions, Regulation and Sustainable Transport, ed. Piet Rietveld and Roger R. Stough, 102-110 (London & New York: Taylor and Francis, Spon Press).

2005. “Flexible Transportation Systems.” In Transport Strategy, Policy and Institutions, Handbooks in Transport, vol. 6, ed. David Hensher and Kenneth Button (Oxford: Elsevier), 597-611.

2005. “Transportation Asset Management.” In Transport Strategy, Policy and Institutions, Handbooks in Transport, vol. 6, ed. David Hensher and Kenneth Button (Oxford: Elsevier), 275-83. With Odd J. Stalebrink.

2004. “Policy Perspectives.” In Digital Infrastructures: Enabling Civil and Environmental Systems through Information Technology, ed. Rae Zimmerman and Thomas Horan (London: Routledge), 57-71.

2001. “Transportation Demand Management.” In Transport Systems and Traffic Control, Handbooks in Transport, vol. 3, ed. David Hensher and Kenneth Button, 199-208 (Oxford: Elsevier). With Odd J. Stalebrink.

2000. “Increasing the Social Acceptability of Projects.” In Integrating Transport in the City: Reconciling the Economic, Social and Environmental Dimensions, 79-86, OECD Proceedings (Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). Adapted from a commissioned paper by Jonathan L. Gifford.

1996. Jonathan L. Gifford “Complexity, Adaptability and Flexibility in Infrastructure and Regional Develop­ment: Insights and Implications for Policy Analysis and Planning.” In Infrastructure, Economic Growth and Regional Development, ed. David Batten and Charlie Karlsson, 169-86 (Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag).

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford. “Urban Infrastructure Systems, Behavior and Environmental Policy.” In Urban Policies for an Environmentally Sustainable World, ed. Mats Rolén, Report 95:7 (Stockholm, Forskningsrådnämnden [FRN, The Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research]), pp. 58-100.

Book Reviews
2006. Gifford, Jonathan L. Review of Zoned Out: Regulations, Markets, and Choices in Transportation and Metropolitan Land-Use, by Jonathan Levine, and Taking the High Road: A Metropolitan Agenda for Transportation Reform, edited by Bruce Katz and Robert Puentes. Journal of Planning Education and Research, vol. 26, no. 1 (Fall).

2006. Gifford, Jonathan L. Review of The Geography of Urban Transportation, 3rd ed., by Susan Hanson and Genevieve Giuliano. Journal of Regional Science, vol. 46, no. 2 (May).

Journal Articles
2005. Haynes, Kingsley E., T.R. Lakshmanan, William P. Anderson, Jonathan L. Gifford, and Danilo Pelletiere. “Sustainable transportation institutions and regional evolution: global and local perspectives.” Journal of Transport Geography, vol. 13, pp. 207-21.

2004. Paul DeMaio and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Will ‘Smart Bikes’ Succeed as Public Transportation in the U.S.?” Journal of Public Transportation, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1-14.

2004. Jonathan L. Gifford and W. Homer Carlisle. “Virginia Department of Transportation’s Dashboard Performance Measurement and Reporting System: Going the Full Monty.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1895, pp. 207-219.

2004. Jonathan L. Gifford and W. Homer Carlisle. “Data Retention & Access Regimes for Wireless Message Logs In the U.S.: An Exploratory Analysis.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1879, pp. 114—19.

2002. Kenneth Button, Jonathan L. Gifford, and John Petersen. “Public Works Policy and Outcomes in Japan and the USA.” Public Works Management and Policy 7(2) October: 124-37.

2002. Jonathan L. Gifford and Danilo Pelletiere, “New Regional Transportation Organizations: Old Problem, New Wrinkle?” Transportation Research Record, no. 1812, pp. 106-11.

2002. Jonathan L. Gifford and Odd J. Stalebrink. “Remaking Transportation Organizations for the 21st Century: Learning Organizations and the Value of Consortia.” Transportation Research A: Policy & Practice 36(4):645-57.

2002. Jonathan L. Gifford and Odd J. Stalebrink. “ITS Standardisation: Lessons from the Consortium Approach,” International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management 2 (1): 56-71.

2001. Jonathan L. Gifford, Danilo Pelletiere, and John Collura. “Stakeholder Requirements for Traffic Signal Preemption and Priority: Preliminary Results from the Washington, DC Region.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1748, pp. 1-7.

2000. Odd J. Stalebrink and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Transportation Asset Management: The Value of Enterprise-Based Financial Reporting.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1729: 51-56.

1999. Jonathan L. Gifford “Increasing the Social Acceptability of Urban Transport Projects.” Transportation Quarterly, 53(4) (Fall): 49-66.

1998. Sanjay Marwah, Jonathan L. Gifford, Mark E. Maggio and Roger R. Stough. “End-User Perspectives of a Smart Card Based Commercial Driver’s License (CDL).” Transportation Research Record, no. 1640: 84-91.

1997. Jonathan L. Gifford and Scott W. Talkington. “Demand Elasticity Under Time-Varying Prices: A Case Study of Day-of-Week Varying Tolls on the Golden Gate Bridge” In Transportation Research Record, no. 1558 (February): 55-59.

1996. Jonathan L. Gifford, Larry Yermack and Cheryl Owens. “EZ Pass: A Case Study of Institutional and Organizational Issues in Technology Standards Development.” In Transportation Research Record, no. 1537 (November): 10-14.

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford, William J. Mallett and Scott W. Talkington. “Implementing the Intermodal Surface Transporta­tion Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA): Issues and Early Field Data.” Transportation Research Record, no.1466: 14-22.

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford, Thomas A. Horan and Louise G. White. “The Dynamics of Policy Change: Reflections on the 1991 Federal Surface Transportation Legislation.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1466: 8-13.

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford. “Adaptability and Flexibility in Urban Transportation Policy and Planning.” Technologi­cal Forecasting and Social Change 45(2): 111-18.

1993. Jonathan L. Gifford. “The Saga of American Infrastructure: Toward the 21st Century.” The Wilson Quarterly 17(1): 40-47. Abridged and translated, Dialogue (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Information Agency) 104 (February, 1994): 39-43.

1993. Jonathan L. Gifford and W.L. Garrison. “Airports and the Air Transportation System: Functional Refinements and Functional Discovery.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 43(2) (March): 103-23.

1993. Thomas A. Horan and Jonathan L. Gifford. “New Dimensions in Infrastructure Evaluation: The Case of Non-Technical Issues in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems.” Policy Studies Journal 21(2): 347-56.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford. “Standards for Intelligent Vehicle Highway System Technologies.” Transportation Research Record, no. 1358: 22-28.

1991. Jonathan L. Gifford and P. Sinha. “Airport Congestion and Near-Midair Collisions.” Transporta­tion Research 25A: 91-99.

1984. Jonathan L. Gifford. “The Innovation of the Interstate Highway System.” Transportation Re­search 18A: 319-32.

Conference Proceedings
2006. Jonathan Gifford and Cristina Checherita. “Bounded Rationality and Transportation Behavior: Lessons for Public Policy.” Proceedings, EWGT2006 Joint Conferences: The 11th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, “Advances in Traffic and Transportation Systems Analysis”; and Extra EURO Conference on “Handing Uncertainty in Transportation: Analyses, New Paradigms, Applications and Comparisons”, Bari, Italy, September 27-29, pp. 451-57.

2006. Gifford, Jonathan, and Cristina Checherita. "Boundedly- and Non-Rational Travel Behavior and Transportation Policy." Paper presented at the Fourth International Scientific Conference, "Challenges in Transport and Communication", Pardubice, Czech Republic, September 14-15, pp. 141-46.

2001. John Collura, James Chang and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Traffic Signal Preemption and Priority: Technologies, Past Deployments, and System Requirements.” Proceedings, 11th annual meeting, Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Miami Beach, Florida, June 4-7 (accepted for publication).

2001. Jonathan L. Gifford, Danilo Pelletiere, John Collura and James Chang. “Traffic Signal Preemption and Priority Stakeholder Requirements: Preliminary Results from the Washington, DC Region.” Proceedings, 11th annual meeting, Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Miami Beach, Florida, June 4-7 (accepted for presentation and publication).

2001. Odd J. Stalebrink and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Transportation Asset Management: A Vehicle for Mainstreaming ITS?” Proceedings, 11th annual meeting, Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Miami Beach, Florida, June 4-7 (accepted for presentation and publication).

2001. Jonathan L. Gifford, Danilo Pelletiere, John Collura and James Chang. “Stakeholder Requirements for Traffic Signal Preemption and Priority: Preliminary Results from the Washington, DC Region.” Proceedings, 80th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 7-11.

2000. John Collura, James Chang and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Traffic Signal Priority Strategies for Transit: A Review of Selected Experiences in the United States.” Proceedings, 7th World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Turin, Italy, November 6-9.

2000. Odd J. Stalebrink and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Transportation Asset Management: The Value of Enterprise-Based Financial Reporting.” Proceedings, 79th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 9-13. CD ROM.

1998. Jonathan L. Gifford and Chelsea C. White III. “Key Issues in ITS Standardization and Inter­op­er­ability.” In Proceedings of the ITS Standards Program Review and Inter­op­er­abil­ity Workshop, pp. 1-7 (Washington, D.C.: ITS America).

1998. Jonathan L. Gifford and Odd J. Stalebrink. “ITS Standardization: Assessing the Value of a Consortium Approach.” In Proceedings of the ITS Standards Program Review and Inter­op­er­abil­ity Workshop, pp. 1-7 (Washington, D.C.: ITS America).

1998. Sanjay Marwah, Jonathan L. Gifford, Mark E. Maggio and Roger R. Stough. “End-User Perspectives of a Smart Card Based Commercial Driver’s License (CDL).” Proceedings, 77th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 11-15. CD ROM.

1997. Sanjay Marwah, Jonathan L. Gifford, Roger R. Stough. “Motor Carrier Operators and Firms Perspective on Smart Cards and Smart Commercial Drivers License: Uncertainties in Technology Migration and Institutional Issues.” Proceedings, Fourth World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Berlin, Germany, October 21-24. CD ROM.

1997. Jonathan L. Gifford. “The Use of Consortia to Accelerate Standardization for Intelligent Transportation Systems.” Proceedings, Fourth World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Berlin, Germany, October 21-24. CD ROM.

1996. Jonathan L. Gifford, Sanjay Marwah, Mark E. Maggio and Jennifer Hunt-Morstein. “Smart Card Development for Commercial Vehicle Operations.” Proceedings, Third Annual World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Orlando, Florida, October 14-18.

1996. Jonathan L. Gifford and Jean-Luc Ygnace. “Technology Standards and Deployment of Advanced Transportation Technologies: A Comparative Case Study of Electronic Toll and Traffic Management (ETTM) in the United States and France.” In Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation Engineering, Yorgos J. Stephanedes and Francesco Filippi, ed., proceedings, Fourth International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation Engineering, Capri Italy, June 27-30, 1995 (New York: American Society of Civil Engineers), pp. 535-41.

1996. Mark E. Maggio and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Institutional Issues of Standardization: The Case of Automatic Equipment and Vehicle Identification.” Proceedings, Sixth Annual Meeting of ITS America, Houston, TX, April 15, Volume II, pp. 993-1000.

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford, Larry Yermack and Cheryl Owens. “The Development of the E-Z Pass Specification in New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania: A Case Study of Institutional and Organizational Issues” Proceedings, Second World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, Yokohama, Japan, November 9-11, pp. 1420-26.

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford and Donna Schwartz. “Uncertainty in Assessing Benefits, Cost and Financial Feasibility of ITS Projects, Programs and Services.” In Steps Forward, Proceedings of the Second World Congress on Transport Systems, Yokohama Japan (Tokyo: VERTIS), vol. V, pp. 2434-39.

1995. Brien G. Benson, Jonathan L. Gifford and Timothy Seest. “Using Kiosks to Provide Transit and Rideshare Information: Two Northern Virginia Test Cases.” In Intelligent Transportation: Serving the User Through Deployment, Proceedings, Annual Meeting, Intelligent Vehicle Highway Society of America, Washing­ton, D.C., Volume I, pp. 315-19.

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford and Jean-Luc Ygnace. “ITS Deployment in the U.S. and France: A Case Study of Electronic Toll and Traffic Management.” In Proceedings of the First World Congress on Applica­tions of Transport Telematics and Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, 807-15 (Brussels: ERTICO).

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford and Scott W. Talkington. “The Impact of Regional Planning and ISTEA on the Implementa­tion of Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems: Issues and Early Field Data.” In Moving Toward Deployment, Proceedings, 1994 Annual Meeting, Intelligent Vehicle Society of America, pp. 216-21 (Washington, D.C.).

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford and S.W. Talkington. “Demand Elasticity Under Time Varying Prices: A Case Study of the Golden Gate Bridge.” In Moving Toward Deploy­ment, Proceed­ings, 1994 Annual Meeting, Intelligent Vehicle Society of America, pp. 503-07 (Washington, D.C.).

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford “Aviation Infrastructure and Demand as Complex Adaptive Systems.” Transpor­ta­tion Research Circular, no. 425, proceedings, Eighth International Workshop on Future Aviation Activities, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., Septem­ber 13-15, 1993 (May):23-28.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford, Thomas A. Horan and Daniel Sperling. “IVHS/RTI Institutional and Environmental Issues: A Strategic Policy Research Agenda for the United States.” In Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems, L. Olaussen and E. Helli, ed., pp. 281-86, Proceedings, Third International Conference, Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems, Oslo, Norway, September 2-4.

1992. Thomas A. Horan and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Determining Congestion and Air Quality Effects: The Need for Field and Forecast Data on IVHS Technologies.” Modeling and Simulation 23:1319-25.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford and Todd Madeksza. “Program Origins of Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems: The Electronic Route Guidance System.” Modeling and Simulation 23:1293-98.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford, D. Sperling and Thomas A. Horan. “IVHS Policy—A Call to Action: Report of a Workshop on Institutional and Environmental Issues.” In Surface Transportation and the Information Age, pp. 329-40. Proceedings, 2nd Annual Meeting, Intelligent Vehicle Highway Society of America, Newport Beach, CA, May 17-20 (Washington, D.C.: The Society).

1991. Jonathan L. Gifford. “A Flexible Framework for Urban Transportation Planning Under Uncertainty.” Modeling and Simulation 22 (1):424-31.

1987. Jonathan L. Gifford. “The Strategic Use of Information Systems in Urban Transportation.” In Managing Urban Transportation as a Business, Eric Bers and Chris Hendrickson, ed., 355-64 (New York: American Society of Civil Engineers).

Invited Lectures, Presentations & Colloquia
2005. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” Transportation Seminar. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, April 15.

2005. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” Guest lecture, Introduction to ITS (1.212), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 11.

2005. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” Dinner speaker, Virginia Heavy Construction Contractors Association, Fairfax, Virginia, March 23.

2005. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” Transportation seminar. Institute of Transportation Studies and the University of California Transportation Center, University of California, Berkeley, February 11.

2004. “Congestion and Its Discontents.” Access to Destinations: Rethinking the Transportation Future of Our Region. University of Minnesota. November 8-9, 2004. Minneapolis, MN.

2004. “Option Value, Congestion and Transportation System Development.” International Conference on Measurement and Management of Infrastructure. Jönköping International Business School, October 29-31. Jönköping, Sweden.

2003. “Organizing Regional Transportation Planning and Operations.” guest lecture, Introduction to ITS (1.212), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 23.

2001. “Standards and ITS,” guest lecture, Introduction to ITS (1.212), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 26.

2000. “Whither the State? The Role of States in Transportation Planning.” California Transportation Futures Symposium, sponsored by the UCLA Extension Public Policy Program, Sacramento, California, December 1.

2000. “The Pathology of Sparsity: A Reformist View of Urban Freeways in America.” A lecture in the series “The Freeway in America,” sponsored by the Rice Design Alliance and the Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture of the University of Houston, Houston Texas, September 27.

2000. “Economics and Finance,” guest lecture in Essential Competencies for the Transportation Professional of the Future, University of Michigan and Virginia Tech, Ann Arbor, Michigan, February 11.

1999. Professional Capacity Building Policy Forum, Intelligent Transportation Society of Virginia, Fifth Annual Conference, Roanoke, VA, June 6-8.

1999. “Refocusing Transportation Planning for the 21st Century.” Workshop. Invited participant. Washington, D.C., February 7-10; Irvine, California, April 25-27.

1999. “Institutional Issues & Procurement.” Procuring and Managing the Systems Integrator. Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Washington, D.C., April 22.

1999. “ITS and Regional Transportation Planning.” Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Ninth Annual Meeting & Exposition, Washington, D.C., April 19-22

1999. “Regret, Surprise and Market Learning: Lessons from ITS Standards.” 1999 American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting and Science Innovation Exposition, Los Angeles, CA, January 21-26.

1998. “Education and Training Needs in ITS.” Intelligent Transportation Society of Virginia, Arlington, VA, November 19.

1998. “Asset Management as Discovery.” American Society of Civil Engineers Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., October 19.

1998. “Flexible Urban Transportation Systems,” National Science Foundation of China. The Institute of Public Policy, George Mason University, August 4.

1998. “Increasing the Social Acceptability of Urban Transport Projects.” The Development of Urban Transport Infrastructures: Reconciling the Economic, Social and Environmental Dimensions. Urban Affairs Division, Territorial Development Service, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Housing, France, Paris, France, April 7-8.

1997. “Surveillance Data for Planning, Development and Operation: How Should We Get It, and What Should We Do With It?” Seventh Annual Meeting and Exhibition, Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Washington, D.C., June 2-5.

1997. “Infrastructure Network Restructuring: Implications for Organization, Operation and Management.” Regions Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 29.

1997. “A National Airspace System Manifesto for the 21st Century.” International Conference on Aviation Safety and Security in the 21st Century, The White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security and The George Washington University, January 13-15.

1996. “Planning for Infrastructure—The Interstate Highway System of the United States,” The Asia Pacific Research Center and the Center for Economic Policy Research, Training Seminar for the State Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 29.

1995. “Flexible Transportation Systems.” The University of Virginia, Department of Civil Engineering, March 30.

1994. “Urban Infrastructure Systems, Behavior and Environmental Policy.” OECD-Sweden International Seminar on the Factors Promoting and Restraining Urban Environmental Policy, Friibergh Manor, Stockholm, Sweden, June 1-3.

1994. “Non-Incremental Infrastructure Improvements and Uncertainty: Insights from Increasing Returns Economics.” Transport Econometrics: Effects of New Major Infrastructures, Applied Econometrics Association, Calais, France, January 20-21.

1993. “Defining IVHS Standards: Theory and Practice.” Panelist. Building America’s “Smart” Highways, Engineer­ing News Record conference, McLean, VA, December 2-3.

1993. “Complexity, Adaptability and Flexibility in Infrastructure and Regional Development: Insights and Implications for Policy Analysis and Planning.” International Workshop on “Infrastructure, Economic Growth and Regional Development: The Case of the Industrialized High-Income Countries,” Jönköping, Sweden, June 10-12.

1993. “Institutional Issues in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems.” Research Topics in Intelli­gent Vehicle Highway Systems. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, February 11.

1992. “Flexible Urban Transportation Systems.” International Conference on Suburban Development and Quality of Life in the U.S.A. Baltimore, Towson, Maryland, May 28-30.

1992. “Evaluating Institutional Effectiveness: Development of Concepts and Methods for Incorporation into IVHS Operational Field Tests.” Workshop on Public/Private Sector IVHS Deployment Issues, Rockville, MD, April 8-9, 1992. With Brien G. Benson, Kingsley E. Haynes and Roger R. Stough.

1992. “Edge City Governance: Implications of Federal Surface Transportation Legislation for Suburban Institutional Arrangements.” National Workshop on Edge Cities and ISTEA, U.S. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., August 13. With William Mallett, Thomas A. Horan and Roger R. Stough.

1991. “The Urban Impacts of a National Highway System.” U.S. Federal Highway Administra­tion, Washington, D.C., February 28.

1991. “Perspectives on the Surface Transportation Reauthorization.” 1991 Washington Policy Conference, National Association of Regional Councils, February 2-4.

1990. “Transportation Network Density and Urban Form: The Case of the Washington Bypass Study.” Technical Committee, Northern Virginia Transportation Alliance, Fairfax, Virginia, September 12.

1990. “Transportation and Land Use Planning.” Transportation Research Seminar, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, March 15.

1984. “Technological Alternatives for Urban Infrastructure.” Workshop. Invited participant. National Science Foundation, National Research Council and the Urban Land Institute, Fairlee, Vermont, August 12-16.

Presentations at Academic and Professional Meetings
2006. “What the Interstate Highway System Meant for the Nation.” Transportation Research Board annual meeting, Washington, D.C., January 22-26.

2006. “The Interstate Highway System: An Exception Accomplishment.” American Society of Highway Engineers National Conference. Williamsburg, Virginia, June 1-4.

2005. “Transparency, Accountability and Risk.” Exploring Transparency, Risk and Accountability: Finding the Balance, Getting It Right. Virginia Crossings Resort, Glen Allen, Virginia, December 16-17.

2004. “Data Retention & Access Regimes for Wireless Message Logs In the U.S.: An Exploratory Analysis.” Transportation Research Board annual meeting, Washington, D.C., January 11-15. With Homer Carlisle.

2003. “Institutions for Dealing with Risk and Uncertainty in Transportation & Sustainability.” STELLA Focus Group 5 Workshop, Santa Barbara, May 19-20. With Vincent Marchau.

2003. “Institutional Setting for Regional Transportation Systems Management and Operations.” Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 14.

2002. “Actors and Directions in U.S. Transportation Asset Management.” 81st Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 13-17. With Odd J. Stalebrink.

2002. “Institutional Issues in Implementing Asset Management Systems. 81st Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 13-17.

2002. “‘New’ Regional Transportation Organizations: Old Problem, New Wrinkle?” 81st Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 13-17. With Danilo Pelletiere.

2001. “Transportation Operations: The University Perspective.” National Summit on Transportation Operations, Columbia, Maryland, October 16-18.

2001. “Building Asset Management in Public Policy and Engineering Educational Programs. 4th National Transportation Asset Management Workshop, Madison, Wisconsin, September 23-25. (Via teleconference.)

2001. “Transportation Asset Management.” 80th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 7-11.

2000. “‘New Regional Organizations’ for Innovative Transportation Service Delivery.” 6th Annual Conference, Intelligent Transportation Society of Virginia, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, June 7-8.

2000. “‘New Regional Organizations’ for Innovative Transportation Service Delivery.” 10th Annual Meeting, Intelligent Transportation Society of America, Boston, Mass., May 1-4.

2000. “A ‘New’ View of Investment for Infrastructure Asset Management: An Introductory Inquiry.” Infrastructure Convergence and Service Innovation: Transportation, Information and Communications Technologies and the Dynamics of Network Restructuring. George Mason University and the Delft University of Technology Joint Workshop, Fairfax, Virginia, April 20-21. With Odd J. Stalebrink.

2000. “Reflections on the Life of Frank Turner.” 79th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 9-13.

2000. “Transportation Asset Management: Insights from Austrian Economics and Organizational Learning.” 79th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 9-13. With Odd J. Stalebrink.

1999. “Infrastructure Efficiency and Environmental Integrity: Discovering the Proper Balance.” Vehicle-Infrastructure Interaction VI, United Engineering Foundation Conference, Zakopane, Poland, September 26-October 1.

1999. “Remaking Transportation Organizations for the 21st Century: Learning Organizations and the Value of Consortia.” 78th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 10-14. With Odd J. Stalebrink.

1998. “‘Divided Highways: The Interstates and the Transformation of American Life,’ Part 2: Panel Discussion with Critics and Film Makers.” Panelist. 77th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 11-15.

1996. “Planning for Infrastructure—A Case Study of The Interstate Highway System of the United States,” Jiaotong Universities 100th Anniversary Celebration Symposium, Northern Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, July 12-13.

1995. “Institutional Issues in the Application of Advanced Technology In Transportation Engineering,” Fourth International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation Engineering, Capri, Italy, June 27-30.

1993. “Institutional Issues Surrounding IVHS.” 72nd Annual Meeting, Transporta­tion Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 10-14. With Thomas A. Horan.

1993. “ISTEA (Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act) and Northern Virginia.” Regional Issues Forum, Northern Virginia Institute, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, December 9. With Hon. Ellen Bozman and Stephen Lockwood.

1992. “ISTEA on the Rocks: Coalitions, Policy Making and Implementation: Reflections on the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991.” Fourteenth Annual Research Conference, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Denver, Colorado, October 29-31. With T.A. Horan and L.G. White.

1992. “The Social Construction of Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems.” Annual meeting, Society for the History of Technology, Uppsala, Sweden, August 16-20.

1991. “Risk and Uncertainty in Urban Transportation Policy and Planning.” 13th Annual Research Conference, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Bethesda, Maryland, October 24-26.

1991. “An Integrated Traveler Information System for Tysons Corner, Virginia.” Implementing Regional Mobility Solutions. Conference sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers and the Institute of Transportation Engineers, The Meadowlands, Secaucus, NJ, May 6-8. With E. Doyle and D.T. Gantz.

1991. “Historical Antecedents and Development Impacts of Highways of National Significance.” 70th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 13-17.

1991. “Transportation Planning, Highway Network Density and Urban Form: The Case of the Washington, D.C., Bypass.” 70th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, January 13-17.

1990. “Adaptability and Flexibility in Infrastructure System Policy and Planning: The Role of Uncertainty Representation and Analysis.” 12th Annual Research Conference, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Manage­ment, San Francisco, CA, October 18-20.

1990. “The Life of Transportation Facilities.” 69th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 7-11.

1989. “Budget Reduction and Organizational Slack.” 74th Annual Meeting, American Accounting Associa­tion, Honolulu, Hawaii, August 13-16. With R.D. Banker.

1988. “An Analysis of Near-Midair Collisions.” 10th Annual Research Conference, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Seattle, Washing­ton, October 27-29. With Praveen Sinha.

1984. “Aspects of Airport and Airline Decision Making in Airport Development.” 63rd Annual Meeting, Transporta­tion Research Board. Washington, DC, January 16-20. With William L. Garrison.

1983. “Impact of Deregulation on Airport Finance.” 63rd Annual Meeting, Transporta­tion Research Board, Washington, D.C., January 16-20. With David L. Lewis and Suzanne B. Schneider.

Technical Reports
2005. Cheryl Owens, Jonathan L. Gifford, and W. Homer Carlisle IV. “Government Transportation Management Policy Review – Final Report.” Submitted to U.S. General Services Administration, Office of Governmentwide Policy. March 3.

2004. Jonathan L. Gifford, John McClain, W. Homer Carlisle and Ellen Harpel. “Arlington County Transportation Benchmarking Study,” Final Report. Submitted to Arlington County, Virginia. October 28.

2003. John Collura, Hesham Rakha, and Jonathan L. Gifford. “Guidelines for the Planning and Deployment of Emergency Vehicle Preemption and Transit Priority Strategies.” Draft. Prepared for the Washington Metropolitan Council of Governments, the Virginia Department of Transportation and the Maryland Department of Transportation. August.

1998. Jonathan L. Gifford, Roger R. Stough, and Sanjay Marwah. “Institutional Issues in the Adoption of Smart Card Technologies for Licensing of Commercial Vehicle Operators.” Final report. Submitted to Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center of Excellence, Center for Transportation Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. February 18.

1998. Jonathan L. Gifford, ed. “Getting More For Less: Developing a Guide for Benefit-Cost Analysis.” Proceedings. Workshop, George Mason University, September 11-12.

1996. Jonathan L. Gifford “History.” Submitted to the Greater Washington Board of Trade Regional Transportation Study. October 1.

1993. Jonathan L. Gifford and Troy D. Abel. “Institutional Issues in the Draft National Program Plan for IVHS.” IVHS America, December 7.

1992. William Mallett, Thomas A. Horan, Jonathan L. Gifford and Roger R. Stough. “Edge City Governance: Implications of Federal Surface Transportation Legislation for Suburban Institutional Arrangements.” George Mason University, The Institute of Public Policy, working paper no. 92:18.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford, “Institutional Research and Development Priorities for the IVHS Tactical Plan.” Institutional Issues Committee, Intelligent Vehicle Highway Society of America.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford, Brien G. Benson, Kingsley E. Haynes and Roger R. Stough. “Evaluating Institutional Effectiveness: Development of Concepts and Methods for Incorporation into IVHS Operational Field Tests.” Draft. U.S. Federal Highway Administration.

1991. Elly Doyle, Donald Gantz, Jonathan L. Gifford. An Integrated Traveler Information and Guidance System for Tysons Corner. 3 vol. U.S. Federal Highway Administration.

1990. Jonathan L. Gifford. Evaluation of the Dulles Area Transportation Association. Dulles Area Transportation Association and the U.S. Urban Mass Transpor ­tation Administration, September.

1990. Jonathan L. Gifford. Transit-Oriented Development Options for Tysons Corner. Virginia Department of Transportation.

1989. Jonathan L. Gifford. Transportation Systems Management/Transportation Demand Management Plan. Dulles Area Transportation Association and U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration, October.

1987. Jonathan L. Gifford and Praveen Sinha. Near Midair Collision Information Analysis: Interim Report. Division of Safety Analysis, Office of Aviation Safety, U.S. Federal Aviation Administra­tion, Washington, D.C. March.

1986. Jonathan L. Gifford and K.P. Kearns. Washington County Information Systems Strategic Plan. Board of County Commis­sioners, County of Washington, Commonwealth of Pennsylva­nia. (Published as working paper 86-17, Carnegie Mellon University, School of Urban and Public Affairs, June.)

1986. Jonathan L. Gifford and Robert F. Rich. Management Information Systems and the Organiza­tional Use of Informa­tion: The Case of Carnegie Mellon University's Faculty Information System. Committee on Social Science Research in Computing, Carnegie Mellon University. December.

1985. Jonathan L. Gifford and Kevin P. Kearns. Information Systems Strategic Plan: Environmental Scan. Information Systems Strategic Planning Advisory Committee, County of Washington, Common­ wealth of Pennsylva­nia.

Other Publications
2006. Gifford, Jonathan L. “Celebrating 50 Years: The Eisenhower Interstate Highway System.” Public Works History, Fall 2006, 3-4.

2006. Jonathan L. Gifford, guest editor, “The Interstate Achievement: Getting There and Beyond,” special issue, TR News, no. 244 (May-June).

2006. Jonathan L. Gifford. “The Exceptional Interstate Highway System: Will a Compelling New Vision Emerge?” TR News, no. 244 (May-June), pp. 10-15.

2004. U.S. National Research Council, Committee for Review of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intelligent Transportation Systems Standards Program. Development and Deployment of Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Review of the Federal Program. Special report, no. 280. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board of the National Academies.

2003. U.S. National Research Council, Committee on Developing a Regional Concept for Managing Surface Transportation Operations. Letter report to Jeffrey Paniati, Associate Administrator, Operations, and Acting Director, ITS Joint Program Office, Federal Highway Administration. June 30. Committee member.

2003. Jonathan L. Gifford, Chair, Committee for Review of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Standards Program (II), Transportation Research Board. Letter report to Jeffrey Paniati, Acting Director, ITS Joint Program Office, Federal Highway Administration. June 24. Available at: http://gulliver.trb.org/?publications/?reports/its_june_2003.pdf.

2002. Jonathan L. Gifford, Chair, Committee for Review of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Standards Program (II), Transportation Research Board. Letter report to Jeffrey Paniati, Acting Director, ITS Joint Program Office, Federal Highway Administration. September 12. Available at: http://gulliver.trb.org/?publications/?reports/its_sept_2002.pdf.

2002. “Regional Operating Organizations (ROOs): An Idea Whose Time Has Come.” ITS View (Washington, D.C.: ITS America, February). Available at www.itsa.org/itsview.html.

2001. “Facing the Issues,” in a special feature on Francis C. (Frank) Turner, TR News, no. 31 (March-April), p. 11.

2000. “Transportation and Land Development: A Look Forward.” In Transportation and the New Millennium. CD ROM. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. 7 pp. With Darwin Stuart, Bruce Douglas, and Robert T. Dunphy. Available at: http://gulliver.trb.org/?publications/millennium/00120.pdf.

2000. U.S. National Research Council, Committee for Review of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intelligent Transportation Systems Standards Program. Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Review of the Federal Program (Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press). Committee member. Available at: http://nationalacademies.?org/?trb/?publications/?reports/its_standards_review.pdf

2000. Moderator, “Spanning the Differences: Public Policy and Administrative Challenges of Replacing the Woodrow Wilson Bridge,” American Society for Public Administration, Northern Virginia Chapter, Arlington, Virginia, (December 12).

1999. Letter to the editor, New York Times (July 17).

1997. Jonathan L. Gifford, A.E. Pisarski, G.E. Wickstrom, “History and Current Conditions,”1997 Regional Transportation Study, report 1. Washington, D.C.: Greater Washington Board of Trade, February.

1996. Jane’s Information Group, North American Intelligent Transportation, Special Report. Prepared under contract by Jonathan L. Gifford. Alexandria, Virginia.

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford Introduction to William L. Mertz Collection: Finding Aid/Research Guide, Robert L. Vay, compiler, Fairfax, VA: George Mason University, Special Collections and Archives.

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford “Time to Rethink Our Highway System.” Newsday (November 21): A29-30). [Reprinted in various other Times-Mirror newspapers.]

1995. Jonathan L. Gifford “Brave ‘Newt’onian World.” Intelligent Highway Systems, a supplement to Engineering News-Record (March 13).

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford “System Architecture De-Construction.” Intelligent Highway Systems, a supplement to Engineering News-Record (November 28):26-27.

1994. Jonathan L. Gifford “Footing the Bill.” Intelligent Highway Systems, supplement, Engineering News-Record (June 27):9-11.

1992. Jonathan L. Gifford, Thomas A. Horan and Daniel Sperling, ed. Transportation, Information Technology and Public Policy: Institutional and Environmental Issues in IVHS. Proceedings. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University, The Institute of Public Policy; Davis, California: University of California, Davis, The Institute of Transportation Studies.

1991. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Interstate: The States and the Interstates; Research on the Planning, Design and Construction of the Interstate and Defense Highway System. Prepared under contract by Howard Rosen (Principal Investigator), Jonathan L. Gifford, John T. Greenwood, David Jones, Mark Rose and Bruce E. Seely. Washington, D.C.

Public Appearances
2007. Testimony. Joint Subcommittee to Study Fuel-Efficient Vehicles and Transportation Funding. Virginia General Assembly (December 13).

2007. Guest, “Weekday with Steve Scher.” KUOW 94.9 Puget Sound Public Radio (March 1).

2006. Guest, “With Good Reason.” Radio broadcast. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities (original air date November 17-26).

2002. Guest. “Future of Passenger Rail.” Capital Region Roundtable, George Mason University TV (October 25).

2002. Guest, “Washington Journal” segment on the history of the Interstate highway program, C-SPAN (August 24).

2000. Guest. “High Speed Rail, Developments in Mass Transit.” Capital Region Roundtable, George Mason University TV (December 8).

2000. Guest. “The Wilson Bridge: Impact and Implications.” Capital Region Roundtable, George Mason University TV (April 7).

1999. Testimony. Commission on the Future of Transportation in Virginia, Blacksburg, VA, December 9.

1997. Interview. “Divided Highways.” Film. Haydenville, MA: Florentine Films.

1995. Testimony, District of Columbia Taxicab Commission, December 4.

Grants, Fellowships & Awards
2007-2009. Jonathan Gifford, PI. “Institutional Architectures to Advance Operational Strategies.” National Academy of Sciences, Strategic Highway Research Program II. Subcontract to PB Consult, Inc. $48,896.

2006. George Mason University, Faculty Study Leave.

2004-2005. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). “GSA Transportation Management Policy Program (MTL) Study.” U.S. General Services Administration, under subcontract to MAXIMUS, Inc. August 15, 2004 – April 30, 2005. $52,000.

2003 – 2004. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI) and John McClain (co-PI). “Benchmarking the Organization Structures and Technical Standards that Guide Transportation Decision-Making in Arlington County.” Commonwealth of Virginia, Arlington County. $90,000.

2003. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). “FAST Impact Study.” American Road and Transportation Builders Association. $5,000.

2000 – 2003. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). “Regional Professional Capacity Building Course on Public Policy to Support the Deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems.” Virginia Transportation Research Council. $54,511.

2000 – 2002. Jonathan L. Gifford (co-PI). “A Study to Examine the Use of Signal Preemption and Other Vehicle Priority Strategies along Signalized Arterials in the Washington, D.C. Region.” With the Center for Transportation Research, Virginia Polytechnic University, to the Virginia Department of Transportation. $300,000.

1998 – 2003. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. Center for ITS Implementation. Research & Special Programs Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. $24,000,000.

1999.Who’s Who in American Science and Engineering.

1997. George Mason University, Faculty Study Leave.

1996 – 97. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI), Roger R. Stough (co-PI). “Institutional Barriers to the Use of Smart Card Technology in Licensing Commercial Vehicle Operators.” National Center of Excellence for Research in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, to the U.S. Federal Highway Administration. $40,000.

1995 – 97. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Institutional Issues Research in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Phase II.” U.S. Federal Highway Administration, 1995 – 97. $2,000,000.

1995 – 96. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). “Smart Card Systems for Commercial Drivers.” Subcontract to 3-G International, to the U.S. Federal Highway Administration. $55,000.

1993 – 95. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Institutional Issues Research in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Phase I.” U.S. Federal Highway Administration. $1,600,000.

1992 – 93. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Intelligent Vehicle Highway System Technology Policy Issues.” U.S. Federal Transit Administration. $750,000.

1992. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Evaluating Institutional Effectiveness: Development of Concepts and Methods for Incorporation into IVHS Operational Field Tests.” U.S. Federal Highway Administration. $6,804.

1991 – 92. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). Fenwick Fellowship, George Mason University. $1000.

1993 – 94. Roger R. Stough (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Transportation and the Environment.” Eno Transportation Foundation. $25,000.

1991. Jonathan L. Gifford (PI). “The Impact of Uncertainty Representation in Transporta­tion Planning,” Summer Research Award, Graduate School, George Mason University. $2,500.

1989 – 90. Elly Doyle (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “Integrated Traveler Information System for Tysons Corner, Virginia.” U.S. Federal Highway Administra­tion. $225,000.

1988 – 90. Elly Doyle (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “A Suburban Mobility Relief Program for the Dulles Airport/Route 28 Area of Northern Virginia.” U.S. Urban Mass Transporta­tion Administration. $214,000.

1988 – 90. Elly Doyle (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “A Program to Focus Efforts on Improving Suburban Mobility.” U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administra­tion. $300,000.

1987 – 88. Howard Rosen (PI), Jonathan L. Gifford, associate investigator. “State Management of the Construction of the Interstate Highway System.” American Associa­tion of State Highway and Transportation Officials. In affiliation with the Public Works Historical Society. $260,000.