Alexander
E.R. Woodcock
Affiliate Professor
Alexander (Ted) Woodcock became a Senior Research Professor
at the George Mason University School of Public Policy in December
2001. He established the Societal Dynamics Research Center George Mason
University and is working with Swedish colleagues to establish
a sister Center at the Swedish National Defence College in Stockholm,
Sweden. In the summer
of 2005 with a colleague at Boston University he taught a summer school
course on Inter-disciplinary Systems Science at Boston University Medical
Center. He has lectured extensively in the United States, Canada, Europe,
and in Australia.
• The Strategic Management System (STRATMAS™): Woodcock
is project director for a joint US-Swedish project that is developing
the Strategic Management System (STRATMAS™). STRATMAS™ is
hosted in the Aquarium, the Swedish National Command and Control
and Crisis Management Testbed at the Swedish National Defence College
in Stockholm. STRATMAS™ was used to study post-conflict reconstruction
for Afghanistan in January 2003 and to support Exercise Iraq Future ‘05
in April 2004. STRATMAS™ was used in March 2006 to support
a major NATO-Partnership for Peace
Exercise on Afghanistan at the US Joint Forces Command, Norfolk,
Virginia.
• Royal Swedish Academy of Military Sciences Woodcock was
elected a Member of the Royal Swedish
Academy of Military Sciences in April 1998. He is the seventeenth
current Foreign Member and the
only one from the United States.
• Linked Business, Research, and Academic Activities: Before
coming to GMU, Woodcock was Chief
Scientist and a Vice President at BAE SYSTEMS-Portal Solutions (formerly
Synectics Corporation),
Fairfax, Virginia. He is a Guest
Professor at the National Defence College, Stockholm, Sweden; was
a Visiting Professor at the Royal
Military College of Science, Shrivenham,
England for 10 years. He maintains active collaborations with colleagues
at many governmental
and academic institutions and has
functioned successfully in both business and academic areas.
• Biological Research: Woodcock was a Fulbright Fellow and
Research Associate in Biology at
Yale University where he studied crustacean higher-order optic interneuron
responses to visual stimulation.
He was an Assistant Professor of
Biology at Williams College where he taught courses on anatomy and
physiology and neurophysiology.
He was a Visiting Scholar in biology
on sabbatical leave at Stanford University where he undertook a scanning
electron microscope-based
study of the developing mouse eye
as well as another study involving electrical recording from developing
chick cardiac preparations.
• Mathematical Modeling: Woodcock was an IBM (UK) Research
Fellow in the Mathematics Institute
at the University of Warwick in England and an IBM (World Trade)
Research Fellow at IBM Research,
Yorktown Heights, New York. He was
involved in the study of the geometry of the Elementary Catastrophes
through production of multi-dimensional
computer-generated figures and movies
and their application to develop models of neural, chemical, and
other systems.
• Interdisciplinary Research Woodcock has specialized in bringing
disparate fields together and playing an active role in their synergistic
development. Woodcock’s work has provided a basis for new research,
development, education, and training
activities for government, business, and academic enterprises. Building
on a solid intellectual foundation
and training in physics, mathematics,
and biology, he educated himself in political and military science,
economics, psychology, and other
necessary fields. He has a relatively
rare ability to interact and collaborate with colleagues at the research
level in a wide range
of different subject areas. He is a
Full Member of Sigma Xi. He has a Ph.D. in Biology and an M.Sc. in
Biophysics from the University
of East Anglia in England, as well
as a B.Sc. (with honours) in Physics from Exeter University in England.
• Writer and Author: Woodcock is a highly accomplished scientific
author and technical editor having published three books, co-edited
sixteen major international conference proceedings, and written numerous
research articles. Has written a large num¬ber of successful
proposals and technical project reports
for several United States Defense entities and has undertaken projects
for the Swedish Defence
Material Administration and National
Defence College as well as the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence
and Defence Research Agency. He
is the joint author of The Military
Landscape: Mathematical Models of Combat, written with Dockery, recognized
as the seminal text in
the field by the Chief Analyst of the
United States Marine Corps.
• The Cornwallis Group: Woodcock is the Chair, Proceedings
Editor, and a Founding Member of
the Cornwallis Group consisting of international professionals involved
in analysis of peace operations
and related areas. The Group has
met for eight years at the Canadian International Peacekeeping Training
Centre in Nova Scotia Canada,
at the Austrian Peace Center in Stadt
Schlaining, Austria in 2004, and at the Royal Military College of
Canada in 2005. It will meet
in association with the US Army Carlisle
Barracks in 2006.
Societal Dynamics
• Development of mathematical models of military conflict
and revolutionary political processes
led to a long-term interest in a topic that Woodcock has called Societal
Dynamics. Societal Dynamics
are based on biological and ecological
populations and describe the competition between individuals and
groups for resources and provides
much of the theoretical foundation
for the development of STRATMAS.
• Military, political, and other entities compete for resources
and occupy niches within the overall
Societal Dynamics environment. Simple Societal Dynamics models provide
new insight into the behavior
of complex systems.
• Societal Dynamics Models are based on research begun while
an IBM Research Fellow at the Mathematics
Institute of the University of Warwick in England and at IBM Research
in Yorktown Heights, New
York. Studies continued at Yale as
a Fulbright Fellow, then as an Assistant Professor at Williams College,
as an independent consultant
and at Synectics Corporation, BAE-Systems.,
and George Mason University
• Very significant progress in model development during work
as a consultant to the United States
Government in the early 1980s and subsequently during work at Synectics,
which became part of BAE
SYSTEMS, and elsewhere.
Teaching at George Mason University, The Swedish National Defence College, and Boston University Medical Center
• At George Mason University Woodcock has developed and taught
graduate-level courses on policy
and organizational analysis; rational choice and uncertainty: modeling
judgement; and modeling and analysis
for peace operations.
> The rational choice and uncertainty: modeling judgement (PUBP
711) course at GMU provides its students with unique hands-on experience
in the development and use of computer-based models to study policy-
and decision-making in changing and uncertain environments. The major
feature of the course is an independent research project in a topic
area of the student’s choice that involves development and
use of computer-based models by the
students.
> The policy analysis for practitioners (PUBP 501) course at
GMU identifies the skills necessary
for the analysis of policy and organizations and uses a range of
hands-on experiences including
internet sources based in Australia,
and case study analyses of free trade and the Darfur crisis. The
students were formed into small
research groups and asked to present
their analyses to their professor and their colleagues during the
course.
> The key feature of the course on the modeling and analysis
for peace operations at GMU is a
research project that involves individual student development and
use of computer-based models of a key aspect
of policy-making for peace operations
selected by the student.
• At the Swedish National Defence College Woodcock developed
and taught a course on modeling and
simulation with a Swedish military colleague as part of the Swedish
Program of Advanced Command Studies
to mid-level military officers.
> A key feature of the modeling and simulation
course at the Swedish National Defence
College involved a research project involving the development and use of computer-based
models
to analyze important aspects of military
command and control selected by the individual students. Results of these studies
were published
in an official book by the National
Defence College Administration.
Using Advanced Mathematics to Build Small, Agile, Computer-Based Models
• Woodcock has played an internationally-recognized research
and development role in the modeling
and analysis of operations other than war, command and control, combat,
and low intensity conflict.
• Pioneered development and use of societal dynamics models
based on state-of-the-art mathematics (including chaotic dynam¬ics,
fractals, bifurcation theory, catastrophe
theory, genetic algorithms, and intelligent automata) to model complex
societal systems.
• Selected models have been implemented in small, agile, computer
systems such as STRATMAS™ and also in systems used to support
international peace and humanitarian
operation and counter-drug exercises for United States Southern Command
and the United States Joint Staff,
The Pentagon.
The Strategic Management System (STRATMAS™)
• Woodcock has continued to lead an international team in
the development of the Strategic Management System (STRATMAS™)
facility under the initial sponsorship
of the United States Joint Staff (J8) and the Swedish National Defence
College as agent for
the Supreme Commander of Swedish Defence.
> STRATMAS™ uses societal dynamics, genetic algorithms,
intelligent automata, and other processes
to model the environment within which force-on-force conflict (FFC),
peace keeping (PKO),
peace enforcement (PEO), humanitarian
assistance and disaster relief (HA/DR), non-combatant (NEO) and other
types of operation can take
place.
> STRATMAS™ was used to support a post-conflict stabilization
study of Afghanistan at the Swedish National Defence College in January
2003 and also to support Exercise Iraq Future ’05 which studied
and analyzed future options in Iraq
in April 2004.
> STRATMAS™ supported the NATO-Partnership for Peace multi-national
(MNE-4) exercise at US Joint Forces
Command, Norfolk, Virginia, in February and March 2006
> STRATMAS™ is the center of gravity of the software development
of the Aquarium facility, the Swedish National Command and Control
and Crisis Management Testbed at the Swedish National Defence College
in Stockholm. STRATMAS™ Research is a line item in the Swedish
National Defence Budget.
Counter-Terrorist, National Security, and Critical Infrastructure Protection Modeling
• Developed systems dynamics-based models of counter-terrorist
operations with colleagues at George
Mason University in a project supported by the US National Defence
University.
• Involved in providing model-based support to analyses of
the security of the Nation’s blood supply as a component of
the critical national infrastructure
and in a project that is examining the risks associated with travel
in extreme environments.
• Studied the problems associated with capability-based acquisition
in emerging conflict environments
supported by Loughborough University and BAE SYSTEMS in the UK.
• Senior editor of the Critical Infrastructure Protection
Project Workshop I Working Papers
(2003) and the Critical Infrastructure Protection Workshop II Working
Papers (2004) for the federally-funded
George Mason University Critical
Infrastructure Protection Project.
• Led development of the Critical Infrastructure Protection
Modeling and Analysis System (CIPMAS)
at George Mason University.
Educational Background
Ph.D. in Biology, 1968, University of East Anglia, England; M.Sc.
in Biophysics, 1965, University of East Anglia, England; B.Sc. in
Physics, with Honours, 1964, Exeter University, England. Visiting
Scholar (sabbatical leave) 1979, Stanford University, Stanford, CA;
Full Member of Sigma Xi.
Professional Positions
2003-present Director of the Societal Dynamics Research Center,
School of Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax and Arlington,
Virginia, U.S.A.
2001-present Senior Research Professor, School of Public Policy,
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.
1984 - 2001 Chief Scientist, Vice President, and Director of the
Advanced Mathematics Program, BAE SYSTEMS-Portal Solutions (formerly
Synectics Corporation), Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.
2001 Distinguished Visiting Fellow, School of Public Policy, George
Mason University, Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.
2000 Distinguished Visiting Professor, School of Public Policy,
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.
1996 - Present Guest Professor, National Defence College, Stockholm,
Sweden.
1989 - 2000 Visiting Professor, Royal Military College of Science,
Shrivenham, England,
1989 - Present Corresponding Faculty Member, Center for Computational
Statistics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.
1984 - 1984 Principal Scientist, B-K Dynamics, Rockville, MD, U.S.A.
1980 - 1984 Consultant (self-employed), Gaithersburg, MD, U.S.A.
1974 - 1980 Assistant Professor of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown,
MA.
1972 - 1974 IBM (World Trade) Postdoctoral Fellow, IBM Corporation,
T. J. Watson Jr. Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, U.S.A.
1971 - 1972 IBM (UK) Postdoctoral Fellow, Mathematics Institute,
University of Warwick, Coventry, Warwickshire, England, UK.
1968 - 1971 Fulbright Fellow and Research Associate in Biology,
Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A.
1967 - 1968 IBM (UK) Postdoctoral Fellow, Mathematics Institute,
University of Warwick, Coventry, Warwickshire, England, UK.